Upcoming Changes to 2022 HTS: Part 7 (Machinery of Chapter 84)

(NOTE: Summaries of changes to other chapters will appear in upcoming issues of International Trade Today. See the annexes to the presidential proclamation, included in an International Trade Commission report, for a full list of changes. See the World Customs Organization's correlation table for a summary of changes at the six-digit level from the 2017 to the 2022 HS nomenclature, as well as short explanations of some changes. See 2201100060 for the first part of this summary, on chapters 1-14 of the tariff schedule. See 2201110039 for part two, covering chapters 15-24. No direct changes are being made to chapters 25-27. See 2201130043 for part three, covering chapters 28-38. See 2201140024 for part four, covering chapters 39-49. See 2201180054 for part five, covering chapters 50-64. No direct changes are being made to chapters 25-27 or 65-67. See 2201190043 for part six, covering chapters 68-83.)

Minor Changes to Chapter 84 to Reflect Renumberings

Several notes to Chapter 84 see changes that result from the addition of new notes and the renumbering of existing ones. A new note 5 means current notes 5 through 8 are renumbered 6 through 9, and note 5(D) now refers to Note 5(C) instead of 6(C) as a result. A new note 10 is also added, and note 9 is renumbered 11. Note 2 to Chapter 84 now refers to note 11 of Chapter 84 rather than note 9, and its paragraphs are renumbered for clarity. Note 9(A), which has redesignated as 11(A), now refers to Notes 12(a) and 12(b). Subheading note 2 now refers to note 6(C) rather than 5(C). Heading 8486 and subheading 8486.40.00, which previously referenced note 9(C), now reference note 11(C).

Gas-Tight Biological Safety Cabinets Added to Heading 8414

Heading 8414 for air or vacuum pumps, compressors and fans is renamed to include “gas-tight biological safety cabinets” under the heading. New subheading 8414.70.00 is created for gas-tight biological safety cabinets, and is duty-free. The WCO said the change will facilitate the monitoring and control of these dual-use items.

Subheading 8421.99.00, which covers other parts of centrifuges and filtering or purifying machinery and previously covered some gas-tight biological safety cabinets, is renumbered 8421.99.01 to reflect the change. Subheading 8414.90.90 for parts of goods of heading 8414 is renumbered 8414.90.91 for the same reason.

Combined Refrigerator-Freezers With Drawers Now In Subheading 8418.10

Subheading 8418.10.00, which covers “combined refrigerator-freezers, fitted with separate external doors,” is renamed so it now covers combined refrigerator-freezers with “separate external doors or drawers, or combinations thereof.”

According to the WCO, the change results in the move of combined refrigerator-freezers fitted with separate drawers or combinations of doors and drawers from subheadings 8418.50 to 8418.10.

Classification Change for Solar Water Heaters

Solar water heaters, previously classified in the U.S. tariff schedule in a 10-digit breakout in subheading 8419.19, is now given its own six-digit subheading by the WCO. New subheading 8419.12.00 now covers solar water heaters. Subheading 8419.19.00 is renumbered 8419.19.01.

Provisions for Drying Machinery Reorganized to Add Provisions for Freeze-Drying Equipment

Tariff classification provisions specifically for lyophilisation apparatus, freeze drying units and spray dryers are added to heading 8419 provisions on dryers, and subheadings 8419.33 through 8419.39 for dryers are reorganized.

New subheading 8419.33 now covers lyophilisation apparatus, freeze drying units and spray dryers, and is broken out into subheadings for machines for agricultural products (8419.33.10) and for “other” products (8419.33.50), both duty-free.

Subheading 8419.34.00 now covers other dryers, for agricultural products. Subheading 8419.35 covers other dryers, for wood, paper pulp, paper or paperboard, and is subdivided into subheadings 8419.35.10 for other dryers for wood, and 8419.35.50 for other dryers for paper pulp, paper or paperboard, also both duty-free.

New subheading 8419.39.02 now covers “other” dryers.

Classification Change for Catalytic Converters, but Other Filtering Machinery Removed

Catalytic converters see a classification change as a result of a change at the six-digit level from the WCO to ensure they’re separately classified in tariff schedules worldwide. Though already provided for in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the U.S. in the eight-digit subheading 8421.39.40, the six-digit classification change now means “catalytic converters or particulate filters, whether or not combined, for purifying or filtering exhaust gases from internal combustion engines” are classifiable in new subheading 8421.32.00, also duty-free.

Provisions removed for filtering and purification machinery. Instead of only removing subheading 8421.39.40 for catalytic converters, however, the U.S. will also eliminate other provisions under subheading 8421.39.80 for “other” filtering or purifying machinery and apparatus for gases. That includes separate 10-digit subheadings for dust collection and air purification equipment (8421.39.8005 and 8421.39.8015), industrial gas cleaning equipment, including electrostatic precipitators (8421.39.8020 and 8421.39.8030), gas separation equipment (8421.39.8040) and pneumatic fluid power filters (8421.39.8060).

New subheading 8421.39.01 now covers all “other” filtering or purifying machinery, besides air filters and catalytic converters for motor vehicles.

Tariff Provision for Industrial Robots Moved to Six-Digit Level

Industrial robots will also see a classification change as a result of WCO changes at the six-digit level. While already separately classified in subheading 8428.90.02 under provisions for “other” lifting, handling, loading or unloading machinery, the WCO change, again intended to ensure separate classification in tariff schedules of WCO HS Convention members, results in the creation of new subheading 8428.70.00 for industrial robots. Subheading 8428.90.02 is renumbered 8428.90.03 to reflect the change.

Heading 8462 on Machine Tools for Metalworking Reorganized

Heading 8462 for “machine tools (including presses) for working metal by forging, hammering or die-stamping; machine tools (including presses) for working metal by bending, folding, straightening, flattening, shearing, punching or notching” and other “presses for working metal or metal carbide” is reorganized in the 2022 tariff schedule “to reflect the technological developments and increasing commercial significance.”

The reorganized heading 8462 is retitled, and heading title now says it excludes rolling mills, includes slitting lines and cut-to-length lines, and tools for working metal by nibbling (excluding drawbenches).

New tariff provisions are as follows (the entire heading is still dutiable at 4.4%):

Hot forming machines for forging, die forging (including presses) and hot hammers:

• 8462.11.00 - Closed die forging machines
• 8462.19.00 - Other

Bending, folding, straightening or flattening machines (including press brakes) for flat products:

• 8462.22.00 - Profile forming machines
• 8462.23.00 - Numerically controlled press brakes.
• 8462.24.00 - Numerically controlled panel benders
• 8462.25.00 - Numerically controlled roll forming machines
• 8462.26.00 - Other numerically controlled bending, folding, straightening or flattening machines
• 8462.29.00 - Other

Slitting lines, cut-to-length lines and other shearing machines (excluding presses) for flat products, other than combined punching and shearing machines:

• 8462.32.10 - Numerically controlled slitting lines and cut-to-length lines
• 8462.32.50 - Other slitting lines and cut-to-length lines
• 8462.33.00 - Numerically controlled shearing machines
• 8462.39.00 - Other

Punching, notching or nibbling machines (excluding presses) for flat products including combined punching and shearing machines:

• 8462.42.00 - Numerically controlled
• 8462.49.00 - Other

Machines for working tube, pipe, hollow section and bar (excluding presses):

• 8462.51.00 - Numerically controlled
• 8462.59.00 - Other

Cold metal working presses:

• 8462.61.40 - Hydraulic presses, numerically controlled
• 8462.61.80 - Hydraulic presses, Other
• 8462.62.40 - Mechanical presses, numerically controlled
• 8462.62.50 - Mechanical presses, other
• 8462.63.40 - Servo-presses, numerically controlled
• 8462.63.80 - Servo-presses, other
• 8462.69.40 - Other cold metal working presses, numerically controlled
• 8462.69.80 - Other cold metal working presses, not numerically controlled

Other:

• 8462.90.40 - Other machine tools of heading 8462, numerically controlled
• 8462.90.80 - Other machine tools of heading 8462, not numerically controlled.

New definitions for slitting, cut-to-length lines. New note 5 to Chapter 84 is also added to define “slitting line,” as provided for in new subheadings 8462.32.10 and 8462.32.50. The new note says, “for the purposes of heading 8462, a ‘slitting line’ for flat products is a processing line composed of an uncoiler, a coil flattener, a slitter and a recoiler. A ‘cut-to-length line’ for flat products is a processing line composed of an uncoiler, a coil flattener, and a shear.”

New Subheading Added for Cold Isostatic Presses

New subheading 8479.83.00 for “cold isostatic presses” is added under heading 8479 for machines and mechanical appliances having individual functions but not specified elsewhere in chapter 84. The new subheading is dutiable at 2.5%.

Provisions on Roller Bearings Now Mention Cage and Needle, Roller Assemblies

Subheading 8482.40.00 for needle roller bearings is amended to add the text, “including cage and needle roller assemblies.” Likewise, subheading 8482.50.00 for “other cylindrical roller bearings” is amended to add the text, “including cage and roller assemblies.”

New Separate Heading for Machines for Additive Manufacturing

3D printers, previously classifiable in various headings of chapter 84, are now given their own heading in the tariff schedule. New heading 8485 now covers “machines for additive manufacturing,” capturing goods previously classifiable in headings 8441, 8463, 8465, 8466, 8477, 8475, 8477, and 8479.

The new heading is broken out into subheadings covering machines for additive manufacturing based on the material used by the machine in the additive manufacturing process, as follows:

• 8485.10.01 - by metal deposit (2.5%)
• 8485.20.00 - by plastics or rubber deposit (3.1%)
• 8485.30.00 - by plaster, cement, ceramics or glass deposit (2.5%)
• 8485.80.00 - other machines for additive manufacturing (2.5%).

Additionally, two new subheadings are included for parts of 3D printers:

• 8485.90.10 – parts for machines for additive manufacturing by plastics or rubber deposit (3.1%)
• 8485.90.90 – parts for other additive manufacturing machines (free).

New note defines ‘additive manufacturing.’ New note 10 is added to Chapter 84 to define “additive manufacturing” for the purposes of 8485. The note says “the expression ‘additive manufacturing’ (also referred to as 3D printing) means the formation of physical objects, based on a digital model, by the successive addition and layering, and consolidation and solidification, of material (for example, metal, plastics or ceramics).” It also says that, “subject to note 1 to section XVI and note 1 to chapter 84, machines answering to the description in heading 8485 are to be classified in that heading and in no other heading of the tariff schedule.”

Subheadings renumbered. Subheadings in headings 8477 and 8479 that previously included additive manufacturing machines are renumbered to reflect the classification change. Subheading 8477.80.00 is renumbered 8477.80.01, subheading 8477.90.85 is renumbered 8477.90.86, subheading 8479.89.94 is renumbered 8479.89.95, and subheading 8479.90.94 is redesignated 8479.90.95.