International Trade Today is a service of Warren Communications News.
Subscriber Login

Private Right of Action

Private rights of action allow individuals within the U.S. to file civil lawsuits when their rights are violated, creating a pathway for enforcement beyond regulators. As state privacy laws emerge, debate over private right of action provisions for privacy violations will determine how much power consumers will have under laws like California's Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) and Illinois' Biometric Information Privacy Act (BIPA). State laws differ significantly on key issues like standing, statutory damages and federal preemption, leading to inconsistent legal requirements and risk across jurisdictions. This page tracks active litigation, proposed legislation and precedent that could define the future of private enforcement in privacy law.

to
articlessource documents
Refine Topic Search
Clear Terms

Search Primer

Multi-word term: Place inside quotes to ensure an exact match together (e.g. "China import").

Term list: Separate terms with spaces, not commas or semicolons to find either word (e.g. AD/CVD antidumping).

Acronyms: Use all capital letters (e.g., ACE).

Required term: If a term must be included in any resulting articles, prefix it with a plus sign (e.g., CBP +releases).

Excluded term: If a term should be excluded from any articles being found, prefix it with a minus sign (e.g., -ruling).

Singular form: Use the singular form when doing multi-word terms (e.g. "russian export control" instead of "russian export controls").

Shortest word form: When you have different word forms in a quoted term, include the shortest version if it is the last part of the expression (e.g., "entity list" instead of "entity listing" or "entity listed").