President Donald Trump announced his intention to use tariffs to force countries to accept planes full of their deported citizens, as well as new sector specific targets beyond steel and aluminum.
CHIPS Act
The CHIPS and Science Act is a U.S. law signed by President Biden in August 2022. The act authorized approximately $280 billion in funding for domestic research and manufacturing of semiconductors. It included $39 billion to subsidize chip manufacturing in the U.S. and a 25% tax credit for the cost of manufacturing equipment. The bill provided $13 billion for semiconductor research and workforce training. It also invested $174 billion in public sector research in science and technology. The bill was intended to strengthen the resilience of American supply chains and to counter China.
The U.S. may consider imposing new import tariffs on older generation semiconductors from China, Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo said.
Because China makes 90% of anode and cathode materials, and dominates processing of critical minerals, no matter where they are mined, recent hikes in tariffs on Chinese minerals will do little, trade experts agreed.
Importers have paid more than $160 million in tariffs that would not have existed if the Generalized System of Preferences benefits program were in place just since the House passed its version of GSP renewal in April, according to the Renew GSP Coalition. The group, joined by more than 30 trade groups and nearly 300 firms that import goods subject to GSP, said the House bill and the Senate GSP renewal that was part of a trade package that didn't make it into the Chips Act "are a strong starting point for negotiations."
A bipartisan bill has been introduced to prevent companies that receive Chips Act funding from purchasing tools and equipment made by Chinese firms. Some of the Chips Act funding is aimed at reshoring legacy chip production, and China makes equipment to make those less-sophisticated chips. Most advanced chipmaking machinery is made in the U.S., Japan or the Netherlands.
U.S. Trade Representative Katherine Tai said that talking about tariffs more than other aspects of trade policy is, to a large degree, "a red herring," and said reducing U.S. trade policy "down to a conversation about tariffs is really unfair."
U.S. Trade Representative Katherine Tai, speaking at the University of Chicago, sidestepped a question about whether the administration would change the Section 301 tariffs, saying that although "there's a lot of drama and emotion around tariffs," the China tariffs are "the least interesting aspect of the management of our trade and economic relationship."
The U.S. and the EU held the fifth meeting of the U.S.-EU Trade and Technology Council in Washington on Jan. 30, where the two sides again committed to increasing trade and cooperating on economic security and emerging technology issues, according to a European Commission readout of the meeting. The commission said the EU and the U.S. agreed to “explore ways to facilitate trade in goods and technologies that are vital for the green transition” and strengthen approaches to investment screening, export controls, outbound investment and “dual-use innovation.”